停滯期的科學原理 - 健身
By Olivia
at 2010-07-18T10:17
at 2010-07-18T10:17
Table of Contents
你的推測是對的,運動生理學上這叫"神經適應期",一旦神經適應
期一過,就可以用更少的能量反而更有效率的作功。
舉個最簡單的例子,游泳。
初學者學游泳,因為害怕吸不到氣,所以全身肌肉緊繃,划水踢水
都非常用力,但卻不太會前進。而這個"全身肌肉緊繃"的狀態,剛
好就是肌肉訓練裡面所謂的"化學性充血"。
所以游沒多遠,全身的力氣就像耗盡了一樣,其實是一直在做低中
強度的"化學性充血"重訓呢。這時候燃脂瘦身的效果很好,所以一
開始會體重與體脂肪會掉得很快。
等到游泳的技術越來越好,肩膀旋轉與入水,高肘抓水與推水,核
心固定與二打法,全身的肌肉懂得何時放鬆何時出力,懂得如何借
助水感幫助自己更有效率的前進。這時候,游同樣的距離,消耗的
熱量可能就不到初學游泳時的一半了。
這時身體的狀態,是因為神經已經適應如何驅動肌肉,以及驅動哪
裡和多少的肌肉,神經元已經記住,等同你的身體已經記住怎麼游
泳怎麼換氣。
這時候,如果是選手,就等同遇到瓶頸,因為游泳成績會發生停滯
。教練就會說:『來吧,我們換菜單,交替游。』於是游泳校隊的
選手,不管主修哪一式,蝶仰蛙自都要會,這是"複合式訓練"。
給予身體不同的刺激,身體就能練習做更精準更細膩的肌肉驅動,
這有個說法叫"協調性訓練"。
當然,游泳選手也要練重訓,那就是另一回事了。
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希望有回答到你的問題。
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